Each practice area covers disputes arising in any jurisdiction. Expert witnesses are matched to the host state, sanctions regime, or insured peril at issue, not to a fixed regional focus.
Investment Treaty Arbitration
International arbitration plays a critical role in protecting investments against political risks. The UK's withdrawal from the Energy Charter Treaty was completed in 2025, while the sunset provision protects existing investments until April 2045.
Political Risk Insurance
Political risk insurance claims require expert evidence when insurers dispute whether a covered political risk event has occurred, when the cause of loss is contested between political and commercial risk, or when quantum requires political context.
Sanctions Arbitration
Sanctions are now central to international arbitration. Nearly 25% of ICC cases in Q1 2024 involved sanctions, and the trend is expected to continue through 2026. Russia-Ukraine sanctions, Iran re-sanctions (2025), and European blocking regulations create substantial legal complexity.
Commercial Arbitration Risk
Commercial arbitration with political risk elements requires expert evidence when disputes turn on government action, regulatory change, or geopolitical events affecting contract performance.